There are various ways in which individual economic units can interact with one another. Three basic ways may be described as the market system, the administered system and the traditional sys tem.
In a market system individual economic units are free to interact among each other in the market place. It is possible to buy commodities from other economic units or sell commodities to them. In a market, transactions may take place via barter or money exchange. In a barter economy, real goods such as automobiles, shoes, and pizzas are traded against each other. Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade my old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an easy task. Hence, the introduction of money as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably. In the modern mar ket economy, goods and services are bought or sold for money.
An alternative to the market system is administrative control by some agency over all transactions. This agency will issue edicts or commands as to how much of each goods and service should be produced, exchanged, and consumed by each economic unit. Central planning may be one way of ad ministering such an economy. The central plan, drawn up by the government, Shows the amounts of each commodity produced by the various firms and allocated to different households for consumption. This is an example of complete planning of production, consumption, and exchange for the whole economy.
In a traditional society, production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition: parent age, religion, and custom fix every person' s place within the economic system. Transactions take place on the basis of tradition, too. People belonging to a certain group or caste may have an obligation to care for other persons, provide them with food and shelter, care for their health, and provide for their education. Clearly, in a system where every decision is made on the basis of tradition alone, progress may be difficult to achieve. A stagnant society may result.
What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To outline contrasting types of economic systems.
B.To explain the science of economics.
C.To argue for the superiority of one economic system.
D.To compare barter and money-exchange markets.
时间:2023-09-26 10:32:10
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The most common word order in English is(),with other sentence constituents draped around these key parts in various ways.
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Ships at sea are in urgent need of MSI because they are()various kinds of danger.
A . subject for
B . liable to
C . easy to meet
D . always encounter
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How many ways are there to make room reservations?
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There are three ways to create descriptive language,adjectives,parallel structure,and varied sentence structure.
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There are many artificial ways of causing sleep, but to the author, they are alike in their ineffectuality.
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There are two common ways to end an abstract with:
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If there is a red sun in the morning, bad weather is on the way.
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There are many ways to organize informative speeches about events. If your goal is to recount the history of an event, you would most likely arrange the speech in _______ order.
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There are two main ways of developing a garment shape:
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In Shrek , Monkey said, “Ha-ha-ha! Never fear, for where there's a will, there's a way, and I have a way. ” 此句意为:“别急,有志者事竟成” ( )
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There are various motives for international business, and each of them allows the firm to benefit in a manner that can enhance its performance. Some of the more common motives to conduct international business are diversifying internationally and .
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Generally, there are various ways to start an essay, including( ).
A、stating your thesis briefly and directly
B、posing a question related to your subject and then answer it
C、presenting your thesis as a recent discovery or revelation
D、opening with a riddle, joke, or humorous quotation, and show how it reveals something about your subject
E、sharing with your reader something engaging, like an anecdote
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There are three ways to pay the tickets.
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Various energy-saving facilities are installed in Janet’s house to reduce the energy bills.
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Following are comments about the behavior. that people in Korea usually expect in various social ________.
A.occasions
B.cases
C.situations
D.circumstances
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There are different ways in which people try to deal with the problem of energy. One way is the greater production of common energy sources, such as coal, oil and gas. The trouble with these sources, however, is that they are not renewable.
Another way is energy conservation (节能 ), which means using energy more efficiently (有效地 ). In some very cold countries people build special houses to save energy. They place materials between the inside and the outside of the walls of the house to keep the cold out and the warmth in. The house is heated by the lights, the body heat of the people and the other equipment in it.
Finally, renewable energy sources are used even though they are often expensive to develop. One form. of these is geothermal energy. In certain parts of the world the temperature of the earth increases thirty degrees centigrade with each kilometer down. At six kilometers, therefore, it rises to nearly two hundred degrees. To get the heat, water is pumped (压;抽 ) down into the rocks and back up to the surface. Heat from the earth is already used in certain countries.
1、How many ways of dealing with the energy problem are discussed in the text? ()
A、Two.
B、Three.
C、Four.
D、Five.
2、From the text we learn that coal().
A、is quite easy to produce
B、is not used most efficiently
C、is the most common source of energy
D、could be renewed only by new technology
3、The writer tells about the "special houses" because they().
A、show the excellent skills of the builders
B、serve as an example of energy conservation
C、are heated by different sources of energy
D、are warmer than other types of houses
4、The underlined words "geothermal energy" in the third paragraph mean ().
A、renewable source
B、 underground source
C、 heat inside the earth
D、 temperature of the earth
5、At a place where the surface temperature is 15°C, how deep do you have to dig so as to get a temperature of 75 °C ? ()
A、One km.
B、 Two km.
C、 Three km.
D、 Four km
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听力原文:Man: In the company, I am in charge of recruitment; I have to meet various people. Some of them impressed me most at least the few days after we had the interview, because they are effective conversationalists. During the course of talk, half the responsibility lies with you. Leaving an interviewer indifferent is the worst impression you can make. And the way to make an effective impression is to feel free to be yourself.
&8226;You will hear five short recordings.
&8226;For each recording, decide who is speaking.
&8226;Write one letter (A--H) next to the number of the recording.
&8226;Do not use any letter more than once.
&8226;You will hear the five recordings twice.
A an undergraduate
B a parent
C a personnel executive
D a sociologist
E a consultant for job-seekers
F a radio journalist
G a psychologist
H a general manager
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Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that the
A、Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.
B、Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change.
C、Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.
D、Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.
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Consonants are formed by interrupting, narrowing or diverting the airflow in a variety of ways. There are three ways of classifying the English consonant sounds: __________ of articulation, manner of
A.place
B.obstruction
C.aspiration
D.vibration
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In the sentence below, the words uniquely human mean _____“And he proved, in a uniquely human way, that there are people who care what happens to their fellow human beings.” (Para.15)()
A.Impossible for humans
B.Scary to humans
C.Done only by humans
D.Sudden by human standards
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There are many different ways of presenting grammar in the classroom. Among them, three are most frequently used and discussed. Which one does not be|ong to them?
A、The deductive method.
B、The inductive method.
C、The guided discovery method.
D、The productive method.
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请阅读Passage 1。完成第小题。Passage 1Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple
A、joint interest
B、different points of view
C、less emotional people
D、advanced technology
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The United Nations declared 2011 to 2012 the Year of the Bat. The campaign was launched as a way to strengthen efforts for protecting the world's only flying mammal. These creatures can be found in many parts of the world. Bats live in cities, deserts, grasslands and forests.There are over 1,200 bat species.
The smallest bat in the world is from Southeast Asia.This kind of bat measures about 30 millimeters in length. The world's largest bat, the Giant Golden-Crowned Flying Fox, has a wingspan of 1.5 meters.Most bats eat insects,but many feed on fruit or nectar from flowers.
Many people think bats are blind,but this is not true.Many species have very good sight.Most bats communicate and find their way by making"echolocation" (回声定位法 ) noises.They produce high-frequency noises and can estimate the distance of an object by using the sound echoes that bounce back to them. So, while bats may travel in total darkness, they"see"using sound.
Sadly, bats are widely feared and misunderstood. Most bats come out of their shelters only at nightfall. Three bat species feed on blood. Because of these qualities, bats have long been linked in many cultures to death, darkness and blood-drinking.
Yet bats are important for agriculture and our environment. They help pollinate (授粉)plants and spread seeds. They also help control insects. Bats eat huge numbers of insects,including kinds that damage crops.
For example, a brown bat can eat more than 1,000 insects in one hour.Onereport says bats save American farmers billions of dollars every year by reducing crop damage and limiting the need for chemicals that kill insects.
Over one-fifth of all bat species are under threat. They face disease and the human destruction of their natural environments.In some areas, diseases have killed nearly 100% of bat populations.
第21题 The United Nations declared 2011 to 2012 the Year of the Bat,because bats_____.
A.are beneficial animals B.are close to extinction
C.have been misunderstood D.are under serious threat
第22题 Bats can fly in total darkness, because_____.
A.their eye sight is extremely sharp
B.they can fly without using their sight
C.they don't have eye sight in daytime
D.they are very familiar with their environment
第23题 Many people fear bats because_____.
A.many cultures connect bats with unpleasant things
B.bats are very ugly in appearance
C.bats are thought to be blind
D.bats carry deadly diseases with them
第24题 It can be concluded that_____.
A.bats are more easily to be killed by diseases
B.bat population has been reduced sharply these days
C.bats can help farmers save crops and money
D.bats' living environment has been mostly destroyed
第25题 The word" nectar" in the second paragraph probably means_____.
A.the flowers' eyes B.the flowers' leaves
C.the smell produced by flowers D.the liquid produced by flowers
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There are several ways, listed in the passage, for individuals to conserve energy except()
A.driving less
B.using more efficient light bulbs and home appliances
C.using appliances less often
D.using less fertilizer and pesticides