What kind of human being will the future spaceman be?
Will he need bones of steel and powerful muscles to resist rocket thrust,the lungs of a glass blower,a mighty heart,the calmness of an acrobat,unconscious death urges,or a schizophrenic(患精神分裂症的)drove toward isolation? Popular ideas of a spaceman tend to be funny composites of fiction and fact.
A more realistic portrait emerges from the young science of bioastronautics,the newest and strangest of medical disciplines.The astronaut may be described as a young man of high intelligence who is normal to an abnormal degree.On earth he may well have been a high diver,high jumper,pole vaulter,or acrobat.He must be highly motivated,carefully trained,and he must want to come back.
His heart and lungs must be healthy but need not be exceptionally developed,for his cabin will be pressurized.Huge muscles may actually be disadvantageous,for he will have almost no way to get exercise,and he will find that the strength of a year old child is adequate in the weightlessness of space.A firm body and a short, strong neck will help him to withstand(抗拒;经得起……)the tremendous forces encountered at take off.Most important physically,his digestive system must be one that will not be upset by weightlessness;he must not be subject to motion sickness.
() 41.All the following are popular beliefs about the future spaceman EXCEPT that .
A.faced with isolation,he is brave enough and not liable to go mad
B.he needs to have a strong death complex
C.he must have strong bones and powerful muscles
D.he must be cool headed
() 42.Which of the following is NOT be considered by the author as a more realistic image of the future spaceman?
A.He must have superior intelligence.
B.He is young.
C.He should have a strong desire to survive.
D.He doesn’t get upset easily.
43.Bioastronautics is mostly related to .()
A.literature
B.the science of medicine
C.biology
D.disciplines and regulations
44.“normal to an abnormal degree”(Para.3)means .()
A.seemingly normal but actually abnormal
B.so ordinary that he is undistinguished in every way
C.extremely healthy,and there is nothing abnormal with him
D.so normal that no one believes it is true
45.To the future spaceman,what is most physically important is that .()
A.his vital capacity must be as great as a glass blowers
B.he must have a short and firm neck
C.his heart must be comparatively large
D.his digestive system should not be upset by weightlessness
时间:2023-09-14 14:44:52
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To receive oil residues from the purification of fuel and lubricating oils in the machinery spaces, what kind of tank(s) should be provided on board?()
A、bilge tank
B、sludge tank .
C、overflow tank
D、oil collecting tank
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What kind of cable should be used to establish a trunked line between two Catalyst 2950 switches?()
A . a straight-through cable
B . an EIA/TIA-232 serial cable
C . an auxiliary cable
D . a modem cable
E . a cross-over cable
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A company has a high business value JAX-WS provider Web Service and cannot afford to lose any messages. What kind of quality of service should be used in conjunction with WS-ReliableMessaging?()
A . Managed persistent
B . Managed non-persistent
C . Unmanaged non-persistent
D . Managed persistent and Transaction (enableTransactionalOneWay)
E . Managed non-persistent and Transaction (enableTransactionalOneWay)
F . Unmanaged non-persistent and Transaction (enableTransactionalOneWay)
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If you lost your entire database,including the database spfile,control files,online redo logs,and database datafiles,what kind of recovery would be required with RMAN?()
A . Complete database recovery.
B . Incomplete database recovery.
C . Approximate database recovery.
D . Archived database recovery.
E . The database could not be recovered with RMAN.
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What kind of person is Tom supposed to be?
A . Warm-hearted but careless.
B . Curious and mischievous.
C . Helpful and tricky
D . Prudent but cautious.
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Before (write) ________ an application letter, you should be aware what kind of people the employer needs.
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People usually know what kind of food is healthy, and what kind of food is unhealthy.
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What kind of element could be referred when we invite our guests to the conference?
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What kind of people can be described as “ 目光如豆 ” ?
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What kind of elements should be included when we are designing the itinerary?
A、Number of the tourists.
B、Tour destination.
C、Traveling season or time.
D、Traveling budget.
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According to the passage, what’s the greatest environmental challenge to human beings?
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People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may be either of two kinds. One isrelated to what Freud calls the Pleasure Principle, the other to what he calls the Reality Principle.
For want of better names, we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.
In general, the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate reward are news ofcrime and corruption, accidents and disasters, sports, social events, and human interest. Delayedreward may be expected from news of public affairs, economic matters, social problems, science,
education, and health.
News of the first kind pays its rewards at once. A reader can enjoy an indirect experiencewithout any of the dangers or stresses involved. He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder, shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane, identify himself with the winning team, laughunderstandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.
News of the second kind, however, pays its rewards later. It sometimes requires the reader totolerate unpleasantness or annoyance — as, for example, when he reads of the threatening foreignituation, the mounting national debt, rising taxes, falling market, scarce housing, and cancer. It has a kind of “threat value.” It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared. When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work. When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.
For any individual, of course, the boundaries of these two classes are not stable. For example, asociologist may read news of crime as a social problem, rather than for its immediate reward. Acoach may read a sports story for its threat value: he may have to play that team next week. Apolitician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting, not for its delayed reward, but very much as his wife reads an account of a party. In any given story of corruption or disaster, a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirect experience, but also the
delayed reward of information and preparedness. Therefore, while the division of categories holds in general, an individual’s tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or
divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.
What news stories do you read?
Division of
news stories
People expect to get (71) ▲ from reading news. News stories are roughly divided into two classes. Some news will excite their readers instantly while others won’t. (72) ▲ of
the two classes
News of immediate reward will seemingly take their readers to the very frightening scene without actual (73) ▲ . Readers will associate themselves closely with what happens in the news stories and (74) ▲ similar feelings with those involved. News of delayed reward will make readers suffer, or present a(75) ▲ to them. News of delayed reward will induce the reader to (76) ▲ for the reality while news of immediate reward will lead the reader to (77) ▲ from the reality.
Unstable boundaries
of the two classes
What readers expect from news stories are largely shaped by their
(78) ▲ .
Serious readers will both get excited over what happens in some
news stories and (79) ▲ themselves to the reality.
Thus, the division, on the whole, (80) ▲ on the reader.
__________
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If you're a regular reader of blogs.or indeed of any kind of news website, you've probably been frustrated from time to time by information overload: the blogosphere creates______material for any human being to comfortably______.
A.too much, digest
B.not much, digest
C.too little.be digested
D.not much.be digested
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What's the difference between human beings and other animals when shedding tears?
A.Only humans respond to emotions by shedding tears.
B.Only humans shed tears to get rid of irritating stuff in their eyes.
C.Only human tears can resist the invading bacteria.
D.Only human tears can discharge certain chemicals.
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—What ______ fruit do you like?
—Bananas. [ ] A. kind
B. kind of
C. a kind of
D. a kind
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A new kind of machine【21】to take the place of humans. These machines can do jobs that are too dangerous for humans.【22】, they are being developed to work in nuclear power centers, deep waters and outer space.
This is how the new machines work. A machine is placed in an area far away from the person who controls it. The person wears a special hard hat with tiny television screens. The screens【23】the person see and hear exactly what the machine is seeing and hearing. This gives the person the feeling of being in the same place【24】the machine. The person controls the machine. The machine follows the person's movements exactly. If the person raises his right arm, the machine raises the right arm, too. This means an【25】worker can do a dangerous job while【26】in a safe place. For example, a person can direct the machine【27】a bomb【28】gooing near the bomb himself.
The new machines are not exactly【29】robots. Robots are controlled by a computer. The new machines are controlled by a person. The new machines are called teleoperators. The nuclear power industry is especially interested in teleoperators. The machines could solve the problem of【30】radioactive materials.
(66)
A.is developing
B.has developed
C.develops
D.is being developed
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Man: The front tire is flat, and the seat needs to be raised.Woman: Why not take it to Mr. Smith?Question: What kind of work does Mr. Smith probably do?
A.He fixes bicycles.
B.He raises sleep.
C.He sells chairs.
D.He's a gardener.
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听力原文:W: I hope you liked the novel I lent you. I wasn't sure whether it was the kind of book you'd be interested in.
M: I had the same doubt first, but once I started it I simply couldn't put it down.
Q: What does the man mean?
(15)
A.He doubts the woman will like the novel.
B.He'll lend the woman the novel after he has read it.
C.He enjoyed reading the novel.
D.He hasn't started reading the novel yet.
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听力原文:M: Id love to read a different style. of the novel for a change. Im sick of the books about detective stories. W: Well, lets go to library to borrow some romantic stories. Q: What kind of books does the man find boring?2.
A.The man does not like to go shopping.
B.The man may not want to go shopping again.
C.The woman wants to buy something to wear.
D.The woman tried the clothes but they didn"t fit.
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听力原文:According to Thomas Jefferson, what kinds of subjects should the books be on?
According to Thomas Jefferson, what kinds of subjects should the books on?
He felt Congress should have books on __________
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What kind of items cannot be returned?
A.Items that have been personalized
B.Items damaged during shipping
C.Items unaccompanied by an original receipt
D.Items ordered more than a month ago
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Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick Ⅱ in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hop hag to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.
All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, ill the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.
Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the in fact, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.
Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech tins started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four he knows iris language differs from that of his parents in style. rather than grammar.
Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity of speaking. What is special about man's brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern "toy-bear". And even more incredible is the young brain's ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.
But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the child's babbling, grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out on- ly the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child's non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.
The purpose of the Frederick Ⅱ's experiment was ______.
A.to prove that children are bom with the ability to speak
B.to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speech
C.to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speak
D.to prove that a child would be damaged without learning a language
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The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7~8 hours' sleep【1】with some 16 —17 hours' wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides【2】the hours of darkness. Our present【3】is with how easily and to what extent this【4】can be modified.
The question is no mere academic one. The ease with【5】people can change from working in the day to working at night is a【6】of growing importance in industry where automation【7】round-the-clock working of machines. It normally【8】from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a【9】routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping【10】the day and working at night.【11】it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week. This【12】that no sooner has he got used to one routine【13】he has to change to another,【14】much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very【15】
One answer would seem to be【16】periods on each shift, a month, or even three months.【17】, recent research has shown that people on such systems will revert to go back to their【18】habits of sleep and wakefulness during the week-end and that this is quite enough to destroy any 【19】to night work built up during the week. The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to those permanent night workers whose【20】may persist through all week-ends and holidays.
(1)
A.allegation
B.alternation
C.allocation
D.alternative
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13. It was a kind of tradition of writing poetry to reflect _________ life of common people, which showed humanism of ancient literators (文人).
A:unfriendly;
B:miserable;
C:shadowy;
D:lower