1 Owing to the widespread expansion of casinos, the cost of pathological and problem gambling has soared to nearly half the annual cost of drug abuse in the United States, a UI expert says in a new book.
2 The social costs of gambling, such as increased crime, lost work time, bankruptcies and financial hardships faced by the families of gambling addicts, have reached epidemic proportions, costing the economy as much as $54 billion annually, Earl L. Grinols, an Illinois economist, has written in "Gambling in America: Costs and Benefits," published this month by Cambridge University Press.
3 This compares with the estimated annual $110 billion cost of drug abuse, according to the U.S. General Accounting Office.
4 Casino gambling causes up to $289 in social costs for every $46 of economic benefit, according to Grinols: "In 2003 dollars, the cost to society of an additional pathological gambler is $10,330 based on studies performed in the mid-1990s, whereas the cost to society of an additional problem gambler is $2,945", he wrote. Accounting for the cost of raising tax dollars to cover some of these costs raises the totals to $11,304 and $3,222, respectively.
5 A former senior economic adviser to President Ronald Reagan, Grinols wrote the book because there is "a great unfulfilled need for an economist to study the costs and benefits of casinos in society and to identify which side of the ledger [is] predominant."
6 He pointed out that nearly all research on gambling consists of industry-sponsored studies ballyhooing new jobs and increased taxes.
7 His book includes economic analyses that put price tags on the inflows and outflows of gambling money.
8 On the positive side of the ledger, a casino may increase local employment and raise state and local tax revenues. In Las Vegas and Atlantic City, N.J. , where casinos primarily serve tourists, gambling creates regional jobs and an inflow of revenues.
9 However, in the Midwest and South, where casinos primarily attract a local clientele, gambling causes a net loss to the community. Not only do out-of-state casino operators remove gambling dollars from the local economy, but local employers and taxpayers must foot the bill of increased crime, personal bankruptcy, domestic violence, lost workdays, child abuse and other social costs from problem gamblers.
Which of the following is NOT true of Earl L. Grinols?
A.He is an American economist.
B.He works in a university.
C.He is a senior economic presidential adviser.
D.He has just published a new book.
时间:2023-01-30 15:26:42
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Owing to the greater girth of a ship amidships than at the ends,certain strakes are dropped as they approach the bow and stern to reduce the amount of plating at the ends. These strakes are called().
A . drop strakes
B . stealers
C . throughs
D . void
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The foreman says that the stevedores stopped working owing to the()of the winch.
A . breakdown
B . breaked down
C . broken down
D . broke dow
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Mariners should pay much attention in the overlapped area owing to().
A . complicated circumstances
B . changeable atmospheric pressure
C . large density of traffic
D . some strong signals from unwanted satellite
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Vessels are warned()in the area enclosed by pecked lines owing to the existence of numerous telegraph cables.
A . anchor
B . to anchor
C . not to anchor
D . not to anchoring
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All NAVTEX messages()owing to their nature of importance.
A . can suppress
B . can be suppressed
C . can not be suppressed
D . are to be suppressed
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The football match had to be()owing to (由于) the bad weather.
A、cancelled
B、advanced
C、arranged
D、held
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Loading cargo operation in hold No.3 stopped owing to().
A . gangs employed
B . windlass trouble
C . gangs unavailable
D . shortage of navigational chart
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The most widespread theory about the origin of April Fool's Day involves the Gregorian calendar reform of ________________.
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The widespread chain shops of MacDonald’s and KFC all over the world mainly indicate a trend of globalization in the fields of both _________ and __________.
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The most widespread methods for eliminating labor shortages are hiring temporary workers and outsourcing work.
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Owing to __ competition among the airlines, travel expenses have been reduced considerably.
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211. Owing to old data of the survey the positions and the number of the beacon show on this chart are not to be ____.
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There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may ___ a threat to social stability.
A.jump
B.swim
C.pose
D.happy
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Owing __heavy commitments, we are not ___ a position to accept fresh orders.
A.to in
B.in on
C.for to
D.at in
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英语翻译
owing to the lack of cooperation between the two sides,the project has made little progress so far.
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It is, partly at least, owing to the effectiveness of cigarette giants' advertising that smoking foreign brand-name cigarettes has almost become a fashion in Asia.
A.Y
B.N
C.NG
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Which of the foll owing is not the two letter code of American Airlines?
A、 AA
B、 AC
C、 AF
D、 AZ
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Owing to an______ lack of lower-income housing, the municipal government is embarrassed by the impressing housing issue.
A.alien
B.obscure
C.acute
D.elaborate
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The United States has historically had higher rates of marriage than those of other industrialized countries. The current annual marriage 【B1】______ in the United States--about 9 new marriages for every 1,000 people--is 【B2】______ higher than it is in other industrialized countries. However, marriage is 【B3】______ as widespread as it was several decades ago. 【B4】______ of American adults who are married 【B5】______ from 72 percent in 1970 to 60 percent in 2002. This does not mean that large numbers of people will remain unmarried 【B6】______ their lives. Throughout the 20th century, about 90 percent of Americans married at some 【B7】______ in their lives. Experts 【B8】______ that about the same proportion of today's young adults will eventually marry.
The timing of marriage has varied 【B9】______ over the past century. In 1995 the average age of women in the United States at the time of their first marriage was 25. The average age of men was about 27. Men and women in the United States marry for the first time an average of five years later than people did in the 1950s. 【B10】______ , young adults of the 1950s married younger than did any previous 【B11】______ in U.S. history. Today's later age of marriage is 【B12】______ the age of marriage between 1890 and 1940. Moreover, a greater proportion of the population was married (95 percent) during the 1950s than at any time before 【B13】______ . Experts do not agree on why the "marriage rush" of the late 1940s and 1950s occurred, but most social scientists believe it represented a 【B14】______ to the return of peaceful and prosperity after 15 years of severe economic 【B15】______ and war.
【B1】______
A.rate
B.ratio
C.percentage
D.poll
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The author came to women movement owing to
A.her interest in it.
B.her father.
C.her ambitions.
D.her miserable life.
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Music reached its pinnacle in the 19th century. Every leading nation produced its share of great composers. There was a bewildering array of national schools and musical styles as the once obscure musician came into his own. Music became a widespread and democratic art. The ardent music lover turned to Vienna, the music center at the beginning of the last century. However, Paris was not far behind, especially in the field of operatic music. As the century progressed, the Germans became paramount in orchestral and symphonic music. The growth of German music can be said to have culminated with Ludwig van Beethoven. Beethoven was able to free music from the traditions which had tended to constrict it. He was a child prodigy who held an important musical post at the age of 14. He was a successful concert pianist, but when his health began to fail he turned to composing. Even though bereft of hearing at the age of 49, he did not falter in his work.
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In computing, passwords are commonly used to limit access to official users. Yet the widespread use of passwords has serious drawbacks. Office workers now have to remember an average of twelve system passwords. In theory they should use different passwords for each site, but in reality these would be impossible to remember, so many people use the same password for all.
An additional problem is that the majority use simple words such as "hello", or names of family members, instead of more secure combinations of numbers and letters, such as 6ANV76Y. This permits computer hackers to download dictionaries and quickly find the word that allows them access.
When system users forget their passwords there is extra expense in supplying new ones, while if people are forced to change passwords frequently they often write them down, making systems even less secure. Therefore, it is clear that the idea of passwords, which have been used as security devices for thousands of years, may need rethinking.
One possible alternative has been developed by the American firm Real User, and is called "passfaces". In order to access the system a worker has to select a series of photographs of faces from a randomly (随机地) generated sequence. If the pictures are selected in the correct order, access is granted. This concept depends on the human ability to recognize and remember a huge number of different faces, and the advantage is that such a sequence cannot be told to anyone or written down, so is more secure. It is claimed that the picture sequence, which used photographs of university students, is easier to remember than passwords, and it has now been adopted for the United States Senate.
What is the disadvantage of passwords as mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A.They do not ensure security.
B.They are difficult to remember.
C.They have to be changed frequently.
D.They limit computer accessibility.
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Officials say that few patients _____ with the virus owing to the effective prevention.
A.infected
B.areinfected
C.haveinfecte
D.beinfected
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Based on the need to limit processing and bandwidth utilization due to dynamic routing protocol operation, the foll owing routing requirements have been specified for your network.- partial and incremental routing updates-only the devices affected by a topology change perform route recomputation- route recomputation only occurs for routes that were affectedWhich dynamic routing protocol should be deployed in your network to best meet these requirements?()
A. BGP
B. OSPF
C. IS - IS
D. EIGRP
E. RIPv2