听力原文：Woman: You know that some people will be there because they want to be and some will be there because they have to be. So it helps if you start with a joke or something that captures their attention, and if you stop on a high note as well, you’ll find most people go away feeling good. If you find you’ve got time left, you can use that for questions from the audience.

W：I'm not sure． Q：What can we learn from the conversation？ (13) A．Maria is in the library now. B．Maria didn't pass the exam. C．Maria is probably a college student. D．The man wants to see Maria at his office.

Man: Well, I was thirty and settled at work, but then I came across a report predicting annual internet growth at 2,300%. The figure was like an alarm clock ringing in my head. I started to think about the regrets I might have at eighty. I realised I probably wouldn't even remember the things that seemed important in my thirties (like getting my end-of-year pay bonus. But I'd definitely tell myself I'd been a fool to ignore the internet. Woman: How did you go about choosing a product？ Man: Well, I drew up a list of twenty products, from clothes to gardening tools, and from that I got a shortlist of five, and then I assessed them. I thought about market growth in different countries and I also did some research into suppliers. But there were other important factors as well. I wanted a product that didn't retail for too high a figure. I thought that since many people would be buying from the internet for the first time, they might be afraid to take a risk with large amounts of money. Woman: And what made you decide on books？ Man: Well, basically, I found out that books had an eighty-two billion dollar market world-wide. There's also a high demand for CDs - a product I nearly went for - but with books there's a much wider choice. There're 3 million items in the book category, but only 300,000 in CDs. This choice meant the capabilities of the computer - in organisation and selection - could be put to good use. Woman: Bookstore has certainly been very successful. Why do you think that is？ Man: Well, it's not been easy. For the first five years, it was a struggle raising funds and developing the right software. The ideas weren't the difficult bit. If you and I sat down here for an hour, we'd come up with a hundred good ideas. The hard bit is making those ideas work. There are several key elements, which for me were research, recruiting the right staff, and prioritising. Woman: And you're satisfied with your customer growth？ Man: Well, it was a bit slow at first but then it picked up and from May '97 we started to see our greatest growth. We went from a hundred and twenty million dollars annual sales revenue to two hundred and thirty million dollars by the end of that year, and from 340,000 customers to 15 million. 58% of them were repeat customers. By '98, sales had reached almost three hundred and ten million dollars. Woman: And is Bookstore's success reflected in its profits？ Man: Well, at the moment we're focusing on introducing ourselves to customers and we spend a lot on advertising. Anything else would be a poor management decision. But, of course, it's reflected in our final figures. It's not unusual for a four-year-old company like ours to be in an investment cycle. What is more unusual is for a young company like Bookstore to be sold on the stock market, which happened in July '97. Woman: Bookstore is well-known for its high- quality customer service. What is the secret of your success in this area？ Man: Well, firstly our books are delivered fast and any complaints are dealt with by email and what's important is that the email is always answered in a friendly way, with the emphasis on 'the customer is always fight'. In fact, customers sometimes feel guilty about complaining because Bookstore staff are so helpful! Regular customers are recognised when they go to our website, and we suggest titles to them, based on their previous purchases. Woman: Do you think Bookstore offers a better service than its competitors？ Man: Well, yes. We'd been in the market for about two years before most of our competitors started so we had a head start and although some have caught up now, we're still cheaper. Our book price includes tax and delivery. Most of our competitors' prices don't. But what's more important is that B A．he was earning yep/little in his job. B．he had reached the age for a career change. C．he had to respond to a business opportunity.

M: Yes ... well ... in 1990, EBS's total sales were $11 billion. But in 1996, our sales grew by more than 5 billion and the sales total for the year was $27 billion. So ... while we used to think that 15% growth was good, for some time we were reckoning on achieving 20 to 50% ... though recent developments have changed that. F: And what about international expansion？ Where are your big growth markets？ M: Over the next five years, we'll be hiring 100,000 new employees... in Asia alone, it'll be 60,000. The real development during this period will be concentrated in East Asia—mostly in China, India and Vietnam. We're hoping that one day the market there will be as big as Europe. Over a longer period, we're also planning to expand into the Middle East and into Southern Africa. All this development is very important for the company. For example, the plans for China will bring investment up to $100 billion. A few years ago, I'd never have dreamed that we'd be selling $3 billion dollars worth of products there, which we did last year. It's hard to believe that only seven years ago we sold nothing there at all. F: Can we talk about EBS University itself？ Can you explain—simply—how it works, and who it's for？ M: I suppose it's really similar to a community-based education system—a bit like a village school—except, of course, this is a global village. Basically, it's designed to provide education and training for every single member of staff, from the Managing Director to the newest recruit. F: And what kind of education and training is actually on offer？ M: Well, we have core courses that everyone is required to attend. They focus on things like reducing manufacturing time as well as quality issues—both for people and services. We also offer a range of options, everything from personnel, finance to languages. We run courses, for example, in French, Japanese, Korean and Mandarin. F: Can we turn now to the question of motivation and how you go about keeping people interested in their work？ M: We never underestimate training. It's a challenge, for example, keeping someone aged 20 skilled until they're aged 60. So we do what we can. While some employees get as much as three days' training a month, the minimum is fixed at three days a year. We also have a feedback system in the form. of a questionnaire that employees answer every six months, and in this way we can keep up-to-date with employees' opinions. F: So you really do believe in investing in your employees？ M: That's right. We allow an amount equivalent to about 4% of an employee's salary for his or her training—to 'maintain them', if you like, because we think they're important. A piece of machinery, however, gets as much as 10%-12% of its purchase price spent oil maintenance now, I believe that people are more important than machines, so we still have a long way to go. F: It would seem, though, that EBS is more broad-minded than many firms in its approach to educating and training its employees. M: Well, EBS has been in a state of constant renewal since it was founded in 1938, but it wasn't until the late seventies onwards that the company started trying out new methods of training and education. EBS University was the result of those experiments and has been operating very successfully for the last fifteen years. I suppose overall what distinguishes EBS from other multinationals is that we educate all our employees and not just management. F: Thank you, Mr. Rice, and I hope that EBS University continues to do well in its educational role. &8226;You will hear a radio interview with Brian Rice, president of EBS University, the training and educational body set up by the electronics company, Torntec. &8226;For each qu A．5 billion dollars. B．11 billion dollars. C．27 billion dollars.

W: You bet I am. Q: What does the woman say about the picnic？ (15) A．She doubts if she'll be able to go. B．She's eager to go. C．If the man goes, she will go too. D．She'll do her homework tomorrow.

Woman: I'd appreciate that very much. Man: One of the oldest mechanical engineering areas is machine design. First, we need to know the purpose, of a particular machine, whether it's a crane or a tool or a steam engine. Then, if we know the loads that this machine will carry, we can make the most efficient use of the materials we have. Woman: I see. Is heating included in this field？ Man: Oh, yes. Heating, refrigeration, and air conditioning rely quite a lot on thermodynamics and theories of heat transfer. The goal is to make the most efficient use of power. This area can be quite involved with mathematics. Woman: I've heard of the Carnot cycle. Does this concern the mechanical engineer？ Man: Very much so. The whole field of internal combustion engines is based on the principles set out by Carnot. The mechanical engineer deals with two and four-cycle engines, gasoline and diesel engines, gas turbines, and the like. Woman: Isn't that part of automotive engineering？ Man: Yes. This is one of our largest industries. Woman: What about the aircraft industry？ Man: Of course. Aeronautical engineering became a very large field with the widespread use of airplanes. Now, with space travel, it promises to grow even larger. Woman: Well, you've been most helpful, sir. Man: Not at all. Come in again. 27.Why has the woman come to the man's place？ 28.What is the man's field of research？ 29.Which of the following subjects is involved in mechanical engineering？ 30.Who was Carnet according to the man？ (47) A．She is planning to buy a refrigerator. B．She is interested in fashion design. C．She wanted to know something about a subject. D．She asked the man to help her find a job.

My life, by Joe Wrigley, will keep all fans of Joe's stories happy for hours. It explains a lot about where his ideas come from and gives a picture of what was happening in his life when he was working on his most successful books. I must say, though, that some of it is difficult to understand if you haven't read his other books. Now, for those of you who like a good cry, Goodbye to the fields, by Susan Marks, tells the sad story of John, a small boy who has to leave the countryside he loves when the family move to London because of his father's job. John and his mother would prefer to stay where they are. It's a long time before the family begins to feel comfortable living in the big city. There are plenty of books with helpful advice this week. First, the A-Z of photography would make a great present for anyone just starting out with a camera. It has everything you need to know to take really good photos, and learn about cameras, film, lighting and so on. This is not one for the experienced photographer, though — there's not much advanced information here. Turning to the kitchen, Cooking for one, by Adrian White, says on its cover that even people who hate cooking will find it useful. A month ago, I couldn't even boil an egg, but now I'm producing all sorts of dishes, some quite difficult, and, yes, they taste quite good, too. I'rn actually enjoying cooking now. I'm now going to try a new book about cooking Italian food. The last book this week is Holidays in Europe, by Mary Curtis. This is an enjoyable read, which will start your imagination working as you plan for next year's holiday. It doesn't matter that the writer doesn't talk about the famous places everyone visits, but describes lots of small places away from the main tourist areas. The maps are too small to be useful but the book is still good value for money. That's it for this week, then. Next week, there's a special report on giving books as presents, so if you've saved up your money and you're wondering what to get for a friend or relation for their birthdays, you might get some good ideas. I'll look forward to talking to you then. To really understand My life you need to A．read it very slowly. B．know about the writer's life. C．read the writer's other books.

M: How about sending newspapers？ W: I already thought of that, but I don't have a bike. M: How about walking dogs？ W: Walking dogs？ M: Yes, you know, there're a lot of people around here with dogs. W: Then how much can I earn if I walk dogs？ M: More than sending newspapers. The dogs need to be walked every day, especially when people are at work. W: That's a good idea since I like dogs very much. But how can I find dogs to walk？ M: You can put an advertisement in the Sunday newspaper. W: Then how much shall I charge for walking a dog？ M: You can try for four dollars an hour. W: That's great. Thank you so much. Why did the girl want to make money？ A．She wanted to buy a new bike. B．She wanted to go traveling. C．She wanted to have a dog.

M: My shirt's caught in the zipper. Could you give me a hand？ Q: Where are the speakers going？ (4) A．The tailor's. B．A dress-up party. C．The theatre. D．A shopping mall.

M: ...and be boxed in by a thousand other houses I suppose~ Surrounded by a thousand faceless neighbors. No, let' s go for the village. After all I'm the one who has to do all the traveling. Back and forth to London every day. And I would rather add a 15 minutes bus ride to the train ride than be--How does it go？--cabin' d, cribb' d confi' d. F: That' s all very well...all very well to take that romantic attitude. You know... you think you can get out of everything...wriggle out of any argument...by quoting Shakespeare. What about my preferences？ You are being selfish you know. M: Selfish？ Me？ F: Yes. Think of the children. Its seems to me that you are so carried away with the idea that your personal likes and dislikes are making you anything but practical. What's the relations between the speakers？ A．Friends. B．Colleagues. C．Husband and wife. D．Landlord and tenant.

W: I know what you mean. There's so much to find out about in so many different ways nowadays. We have television, we have radio, and we have all sorts of magazines. M: Even in your own field, you know, you'd have to read twenty or thirty magazines a month in order to keep up. W: Just to know what's happening. M: Yeah. That's right. W: You know, now, because of communication systems, uh, our sphere of interest is the whole world, whereas before, our sphere of interest was just our country or our area. M: Yeah, yeah, that's right. W: I think we realize now that we should know things. And therefore, we are pressed to know these things. M: Yes, we're..., whereas before people didn't understand that... W: And as an educated adult you also have to keep up with certain international events and affairs, or you cannot really be a responsible person. M: Yeah, you know you're responsible for making decisions about not only your own life, but many other things and you have to be informed to be able to do that. W: You have to learn to pick and choose information too. Why does the man feel dumb？ A．He can't process all the information available. B．There is so much he doesn't know. C．There is so much he hasn't read. D．All of the above.

M: Yes…Well…in 2000, Thorntec's total sales were 20 billion. But in 2005, our sales grew by more than 5 billion. So…while we used to think that 15% growth was good, for some time we were reckoning on achieving 20 to 25%…though recent developments have changed that. F: And what about international expansion？ Where are your big growth markets？ M: Over the next five years, we'll be hiring 100,000 new employees…in Asia alone, it'll be 60,000.The real development during this period will still be concentrated in Asia -- mostly China, India and Vietnam. We're hoping that one day the market there will be as big as Europe. Over a longer period, we're also planning to expand into the Middle East and into Southern Africa. All this development is very important for the company. For example, the plans for China will bring investment up to '100 billion. A few years ago, I'd never have dreamed that we'd be selling '2 billion dollars' worth of products there, which we did last year. It's hard to believe that only seven years ago we sold nothing there at all. F: Can we talk about Thorntec University itself？ Can you explain -- simply -- how it works, and who it's for？ M: I suppose it's really similar to a community-based education system -- a bit like a village school -- except, of course, this is a global village. Basically, it's designed to provide education and training for every single member of staff, from the Managing Director to the newest recruit. F: And what kind of education and training is actually on offer？ M: Well, we have core courses that everyone is required to attend. They focus on things like reducing manufacturing time as well as quality issues -- both for people and services. We also offer a range of options, everything from personal finance to languages. We run courses, for example, in French, Japanese, Korean and Mandarin. F: Can we turn now to the question of motivation and how you go about keeping people interested in their work？ M: We never underestimate training. It's a challenge, for example, keeping someone aged 20 skilled until they're aged 60. So we do what we can. While some employees get as much as three days training a month, the minimum is fixed at three days a year. We also have a feed back system in the form. of a questionnaire that employees answer every six months, and in this way we can keep up-to-date with employees' opinions. F: So you really do believe in investing in your employees？ M: That's right. We allow an amount equivalent to about 4% of an employee's salary for his or her training -- to "maintain them", if you like, because we think they're important. A piece of machinery, however, gets as much as 10-12% of its purchase price spent on maintenance…now, I believe that people are more important than machines, so we still have a long way to go. F: It would seem, though, that Thorntec is more broad-minded than many firms in its approach to educating and training its employees. M: Well, Thorntec has been in a state of constant renewal since it was founded in 1928, but it wasn't until the late sixties onwards that the company started trying out new methods of training and education. Thorntec University was the result of those experiments and has been operating very successfully for the last fifteen years. I suppose overall what distinguishes Thorntec from other multinationals is that we educate all our employees and not just management. F: Thank you, Mr. Winter, and I hope that Thorntec University continues to do well in its educational role. You will hear a talk between a young employee and a senior cashier of a firm. You have to complete the sentences 23-30 by choosing the correct answer. Mark one letter A, B A．20 billion dollars B．26 billion dollars C．23 billion dollars

What does the woman think？ A．She thinks the Japanese first got to know how to play football. B．She doesn't think football came from China. C．She thinks the Europeans play football better.

A:with B:in C:by D:through

—You will hear five recordings. —For each recording, decide what the main reason is for the phone call. —Write one letter (A—H) next to the number of the recording. —Do not use any letter more than once. —After you have listened once, replay each recording. A booking a table B cancelling a meeting C placing an order D selling something E offering a lift F congratulating someone G checking an address H making an appointment

A C．

听力原文：Woman: I haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been Man: Actually, I have been doing research recent A．He is doing research． B．He works long hours in the laB C．He is making progress． D．He was unhappy until recently．

I was told that you lived there for quite a long time. W: Oh, I wish I could help. But I was only a child then. Q: What does the woman imply？ (6) A．She doesn't remember much about the city. B．She's never been to the city. C．She would find someone else to help. D．She would talk to the man later.

W: Sure. Mary is active and sociable. Betty is the most talkative woman I've ever met. But guess what？ Helen's just the opposite. Q: What do we learn from the woman's remark about Helen？ (14) A．Helen is quiet. B．Helen is talkative. C．Helen is sociable. D．Helen is active.

W: I know he is stubborn. What do we know about Mr. Stevens？ A．He doesn't want to identify the decision. B．He doesn't want to accept the decision. C．He doesn't want to recognize the decision. D．He doesn't want to be involved in the decision.

M: I saw that article, too. But think, if someone runs into a drug store for 10 minutes, he is usually there to make a specific purchase. W: And someone who spends more time there may be just looking？ M: Exactly. Haven't you ever gone into a store thinking that you'll buy something and then talk yourself out of it？ W: Yes, I have. Especially when I thought I could get it for less elsewhere, or I really didn't need it after all. M: Exactly, but, if you run in to buy something specific and have very little time, you pick it up, pay for it immediately, and then leave. W: That's true. Maybe we should learn a lesson from that. Take your time end you'll spend less money. M: I doubt if that would be true in all stores though. In a department store, for instance, you may see a sweater or some thing you never intend to buy, and buy it because you have time to look around. (20) A．A druggist's suggestion. B．An advertisement. C．An article. D．A salesclerk's comment.

When you go to look at apartments to rent, there are several things you ought to do. First, you should find out if the apartment is safe. Be sure there are good locks on all the windows and doors. It is also a good idea to check all the appliances as well as the water and electricity to be sure everything is working. It might also be a good idea to talk to other people who rent apartments in the same building. This will help you to find out if there are any problems. If you decide to rent an apartment, the landlord would probably want you to sign a lease. This is a legal contract and you ought to read it carefully. You will also need to pay a security deposit. If there is no damage the landlord has to return this money when you leave. Whom can you ask for help to look for a place to live？ A．Your friends. B．Your teachers. C．Other people you meet. D．All of the above.

W: Sure. Weren't you in class on Monday？ That's when it was given out. M: No, I missed that class. Was there a handout？ W: No, the instructor just wrote the assignment on the board. M: Could I copy the assignment from your notes？ W: You could, ff I had copied it all down; but I just wrote down the part that I wanted. M: Oh, no. W: You see, there were four choices of topics ior the term paper; but, when I saw them, I knew which one I wanted so I didn't copy the others down. M: Can you remember any o'f the others？ W: Let's see. There was one about World War I, something about it, but I don't remember what, and there was one called "the idea of progress in the nineteenth century." M: And what was the last one？ W: I can't remember. My mind is a complete blank. Maybe you can ask someone else. M: Yes, I will. Anyway, those are certainly broad topics. W: Yes, but you van focus on a special area within them. Which one would you take？ M: Of course, I don't know what the last one is, but of these three, I think I'd take "the idea of progress." W: That's very abstract. M: Yes, but it's one of my interests and I've read a lot on the subject. I've never written a term paper on it though. W: Me neither. I haven't even read about it. Are you going to class on Wednesday？ M: Yes. W: Maybe he'll write it on the board again. M: I hope so. Good luck with your paper. W: Same to you. (23) A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.

W: Does it have three bedrooms？ M: No. There are two. The master bedroom is quite spacious though. Maybe you could let the children share the larger room, and you and your husband could use the smaller one. W: I suppose I could do that. M: A three-bedroom apartment will be difficult to find. W: Yes, I know. Believe me, I have been looking for over a week. The few three-bedroom apartments that I have found are either extremely expensive or the owner won't allow children as tenants. M: Well, the owner allows two children in this apartment complex. W: Aren't you the owner？ M: No. I am the manager. I live here, too, on the first floor of this building. W: Oh. That's nice. Then if anything gets broken... M: Just leave a note on my door. W: You said that the rent would be 350 dollars a month. Does that include any of the utilities？ M: Yes. It includes gas. Your furnace and stove axe gas, so, as you can imagine, your other utilities, electric and water, are quite inexpensive. W: This sounds better and better. But before I sign a lease I would like my husband to see it. M: Why not stop by with him this evening？ W: How late are you open？ He doesn't get off work until five. M: Come by at six. I will still be in the office. I am sure that you are eager to move from the hotel, and if we get the paper work out of the way tonight, you can move in tomorrow. W: Oh, that would be wonderful. (23) A．The woman's husband. B．The owner of the apartment. C．The apartment manager. D．The tenant who occupies the apartment now.

A C．