In the context of MPLS Traffic engineering， TE path calculation is conducted by（）.

A . RIP does not support routing contexts B . routing contexts are implemented in a single routing process C . routing contexts are implemented using multiple routing processes D . routing contexts are implemented as several instances of a single routing process E . routing contexts are implemented as a single instance of several routing processe

A . To provide a visible extension of MPLS TTL functionality in a non MPLS-enabled domain B . To improve the IGP convergence time C . To hide visibility to the core (provider) routers in the MPLS network D . To provide a visible extension of IP TTL functionality in an MPLS-enabled domai

A . The access layer is the initial point at which traffic enters the network. Traffic is marked （orremarked） at Layers 2 and 3 by the access switch as it enters the network， or is "trusted" that it isentering the network with the appropriate tag B . No traffic marking occurs at the core layer. Layer 2/3 QoS tags are trusted from distributionlayer switches and used to prioritize and queue the traffic as it traverses the core C . Traffic inbound from the access layer to the distribution layer can be trusted or reset dependingupon the ability of the access layer switches. Priority access into the core is provided based onLayer 3 QoS tags D . IP precedence， DSCP， QoS group， IP address， and ingress interface are Layer 2 characteristics that are set by the access layer as it passes traffic to the distribution layer. Thedistribution layer， once it has made a switching decision to the core layer， strips these off E . MAC address， Multiprotocol Label Switching （MPLS）； the ATM cell loss priority （CLP） bit， theFrame Relay discard eligible （DE） bit， and ingress interface are established by the voicesubmodule （distribution layer） as traffic passes to the core layer F . The distribution layer inspects a frame to see if it has exceeded a predefined rate of trafficwithin a certain time frame， which is typically a fixed number internal to the switch. If a frame isdetermined to be in excess of the predefined rate limit， the CoS value can be marked up in a waythat results in the packet being dropped

A . It removes the top label in the MPLS label stack. B . It adds a top label in MPLS label stack. C . It replaces the top label in the MPLS label stack with another value. D . It replaces the top label in the MPLS label stack with a set of labels. E . None of above.

A . to identify valid numbers for incoming calls B . to define the type of ISDN switch at the central office C . to specify the list of outgoing phone numbers used by the router D . to associate a dial configuration with a physical interface E . to define interesting traffic that will enable the link

A . The TTL field from the IP packet is copied into the TTL field of the MPLS label header at the ingress edge LSR B . TTL propagation cannot be disabled in an MPLS domain C . TTL propagation is only disabled on the ingress edge LSR D . The TTL field of the MPLS label header is set to 255 E . The TTL field of the IP packet is set to 0

A . Loop Management Protocol B . Label Management Protocol C . Load Management Protocol D . Link Management Protocol E . None of above

A . the one provided in a dictionary B . the one which best fits the context C . the central or core meaning of the item D . the one which is assumed to be correct

A . the one provided in a dictionary B . the one which best fits the context C . the central or core meaning of the item D . the one which is assumed to be correct

A . A pool of physical memory that can be used by any partition B . A pool of physical processors that can be used by any virtual or dedicated partition C . A pool of physical memory that can be used by multiple Micro-Partitions D . A pool of physical processors that can be used by multiple Micro-Partitio

A . Dedicated paths between sending and receiving hosts are established. B . Multiple subnetwork broadcast addresses are created. C . Multiple ARP tables are needed. D . The decrease in the number of collision domains. E . Broadcast domains are enhanced. F . Additional bandwidth is used to connect hosts.

A . It adds the VPN label into the top label in the MPLS label stack B . It replaces the top label in the MPLS label stack with a VPN label and propagates C . It replaces the bottom label in the MPLS label stack with a VPN label and propagates D . It removes the top label in the MPLS label stack and does a Layer 3 lookup on underlying IP packets E . None of above

A . BGP B . OSPF C . ISIS D . RSVP

A.attribute and operations B.instances of each class C.roles for each actor(device or user) D.set of collaborating classes

A．A.nworking lock B．B.nprotection lock C．C.nforced switching D．D.nmanual switching

A.To develop reading proficiency B.To develop linguistic competence C.To develop both reading proficiency and linguistic competence D.To develop reading skills